心脏病急救ABCDE

ABCDE : 从头到脚的初步评估模式

Published by: Stefan Roobol

Description

ABCDE 评估与处理的特点:
1. 不仅仅适合儿科病人,除了心跳骤停患者外(按照心肺复苏指南),几乎所有急诊患者都适用。
2. 不仅内科医生、外科医生、儿科医生、妇产科医生应该掌握,其他医护人员都应该掌握。
3. ABCDE 五个方面应该同时不间断进行。
4. 要评估周围环境是否安全,然后再进行。
5. ABCDE 仅仅是初步评估与处理,待病情稳定需要进一步诊治。
A(Airway):通畅呼吸道。将病人抬至通风的地方,解开衣领扣子。戴假牙的病人一定要取下假牙。使病人处于仰卧体位,躺在坚固平(地)面上。用手按压病人额头并稍加用力,另一只手的食指和中指置于病人下颌将其上提,使头部后仰以保持气道通畅。
B(Breathing):口对口吹气人工呼吸。救护者深吸一口气,用压病人额头的拇指、食指捏住病人鼻孔,双唇将病人嘴包严,再进行口对口吹气。每吹气一次,放开捏病人鼻孔的手,使其将气呼出。救护者侧转头,吸入新鲜空气,并观察病人胸部起伏,再进行第二次吹气。一般以吹气后病人的胸廓略有隆起为宜。
C(Circulation):胸外按压。就是在体外对心脏区域部位胸廓施加压力,促使心脏工作,维持血液循环。这里要特别指出,应将病人置于硬板床或平整地面上,否则将会影响效果。将手的中指对着病人颈部下方的凹陷处,手掌贴在胸廓正中,另一只手压在此手上,两手掌根重叠,手指相扣,手心翘起,离开胸壁,两臂伸直垂直向下压,使胸廓下陷3~5厘米,然后放松,反复进行,每分钟100次为宜。胸外按压和人工呼吸同时进行时,每按压30下吹气2次为宜。左前胸捶压,5~6秒一次。
D(Defibrillation):除颤。一般是指医院的电除颤,但在家里发生紧急情况,病人出现呼吸心跳停止,意识丧失,四肢抽动时可进行徒手心前区叩击。将一手中指对着病人颈部下方的凹陷处,手掌贴在胸廓正中,另一手握成拳头较为有力地叩击病人胸前的那只手。
E(Early):早期。就是一切都要尽早进行。
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App Info

Category
Medical
Publisher
Stefan Roobol
Languages
English
Recent release
1.1 (7 years ago )
Released on
Nov 29, 2017 (7 years ago )
Last Updated
1 day ago
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